abstract：:Artificial blood pumps play an increasingly important role in the treatment of end-stage cardiac failure. The fluid dynamics of blood flow through such devices crucially affects their clinical effectiveness. Specifically, if the flow of blood stagnates or slowly re-circulates thrombus formation can occur and the avoid...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Rose ML,Mackay TG,Wheatley DJ

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is important to be able to quantify changes in gait pattern accurately in order to understand the clinical implications of surgery or rehabilitation. Although supervised feed-forward backpropagation neural networks are very efficient in many pattern-recognition tasks, the genetic algorithm neural network (GANN), wh...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Su FC,Wu WL

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of pressure ulcers can be exacerbated by a breakdown in the integrity of the patient's skin caused by poor maintenance of the skin microclimate. Patient support systems (PSSs-specialised beds, mattresses, chairs, cushions and pads) play an important role in the dissipation of heat and moisture away from ...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Nicholson GP,Scales JT,Clark RP,de Calcina-Goff ML

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biomagnetic investigations in basic physiological research using animals require measurement devices different from commercial biomagnetometers used in human investigations. Two major problems have to be tackled in the design of such biomagnetometers. First, the spatial sampling needs to be much higher. Second, the di...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Nowak H,Giessler F,Huonker R,Haueisen J,Röther J,Eiselt M

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The analysis of the surface electromyographic (sEMG) signal is particularly attractive because it provides relatively easy access to those physiological processes that allow the muscle to generate force and movement. In this paper, one of the possible applications of recurrence plot strategy to the analysis of sEMG is...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Filligoi G,Felici F

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pressure ulcers are a major problem worldwide believed to affect over 5% of all hospital in-patients, and countless others in the community at large. Many types of Patient Support Systems (PSS) are sold as pressure ulcer prevention equipment, but no consensus exists as to their mechanical efficacy. The use of human vo...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Bain DS,Scales JT,Nicholson GP

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method aimed at the real-time monitoring of muscular fatigue was implemented and optimized. The method is based on an estimate of the complex covariance function in order to evaluate, in real time, the mean frequency of the myoelectric signal spectrum. Real-time implementation is guaranteed by a recursive computatio...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Conforto S,D'Alessio T

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex congenital heart defects due to the absence of a ventricular chamber can often be treated by the Fontan surgical procedure. The objective of this work was to quantify the haemodynamics in the Fontan operation (cavopulmonary connection) with extracardiac lateral conduit. Four different models based on the finit...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Migliavacca F,de Leval MR,Dubini G,Pietrabissa R,Fumero R

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate three-dimensional tumor localisation in Radiotherapy, is critical to the treatment outcome, particularly when high dose gradients are present. A number of techniques have been proposed for the localisation of anatomical structures or markers. The present study proposes an approach to a concurrent maximisation...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Messaris G,Kolitsi Z,Badea C,Pallikarakis N

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In laboratory animals as well as in human beings a depth of anaesthesia, where the subject has no pain or recall of events from the surgery, should be provided. Haemodynamic parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure are not a guarantee for an optimal depth of anaesthesia, especially when using neuromuscular blo...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Jensen EW,Nygaard M,Henneberg SW

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method for assessment and second-order polynomial detrending of signals containing periodic components is proposed. The analytically derived properties of this method are validated with synthesized signals, processed by the computational procedure developed. It is shown that, in addition to accurate detrending, the ...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Mitov IP

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, surgeons have begun to treat serious congenital craniofacial deformities including craniosynostoses with mechanical devices that gradually distract the skull. As a prospective means of treatment planning for such complex deformities, FE models derived from routine preoperative CT scans (CT/FEA) would provide...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Remmler D,Olson L,Ekstrom R,Duke D,Matamoros A,Matthews D,Ullrich CG

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An ambulatory monitoring system has been developed to measure the weight-bearing achieved by a patient on their fractured leg. The system is lightweight, portable, and can monitor weight-bearing continuously over an extended period of time. In addition to mean weight-bearing, the system can also determine temporal par...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Aranzulla PJ,Muckle DS,Cunningham JL

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intraoperative thermographic imaging in open-chest conditions can provide the surgeon with important qualitative information regarding coronary flow by utilizing heat transfer analysis following injection of cold saline into the aortic root. The heat transfer model is based on the assumption that the epicardial temper...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Gordon N,Rispler S,Sideman S,Shofty R,Beyar R

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To reduce the time of computation of a motor unit potential (MUP), the shape of intracellular action potential (IAP) and (or) MU anatomy are generally simplified. A method of MUP presentation is suggested. It provides accuracy of the MUPs calculated for any distance and size of rectangular electrodes together with con...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Dimitrov GV,Dimitrova NA

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The construction and performance of a 5.4 m3 combined direct and indirect calorimeter for human subjects is described. The calorimeter was constructed for studies on human subjects primarily undergoing fast alterations in heat production and heat losses, e.g. after a meal or during physical exercise. A heat sink and a...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Faber P,Lammert O,Johansen O,Garby L

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents a parametric mathematical model of the head-cup wear coupling in total hip arthroplasty (THA). The model evaluates the dependence of acetabular volumetric wear upon the characteristic parameters of patient and hip prosthesis. Archard's law is assumed to calculate the wear coupling behaviour. The we...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Pietrabissa R,Raimondi M,Di Martino E

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The strains developed on the surface of a femur with and without an implanted femoral hip replacement were investigated using holographic interferometry (HI). Interferometric fringe data from the four aspects of the loaded femur were quantified and the resulting curvature calculated. Curvature was related to the strai...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Katz DM,Blatcher S,Shelton JC

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate comparatively five methods for automating mesh generation (AMG) when used to mesh a human femur. The five AMG methods considered were: mapped mesh, which provides hexahedral elements through a direct mapping of the element onto the geometry; tetra mesh, which generates tetrahedral...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Viceconti M,Bellingeri L,Cristofolini L,Toni A

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied muscle fatigue in 19 paraplegic patients during an isometric sustained contraction. Both quadriceps (n = 38) were maximally stimulated for 126 s. We defined a nonlinear equation with four coefficients to fit the data and extract fatigue indices carrying information on the amount (asymptotic values, torque c...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Rabischong E,Chavet P

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study presents a theoretical model of the general stress state found in helical implantable leads in bending. The model accurately predicts stress in large filarity coils made from clad wire. The stress is predicted using flexural rigidity of the coil and is developed to include the effects of coil pitch and the ...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Meagher JM,Altman P

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apparatus has been built to explore the practical feasibility of using automatic control with electrical stimulation of paralysed legs to restore function. The experiments are performed with paraplegics with the aim of achieving a realistic postural task: to see whether the body may be maintained upright by stimulatio...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Donaldson Nde N,Munih M,Phillips GF,Perkins TA

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complications arising from limb-lengthening procedures such as muscle contracture, axial malalignment of the bone and traction injuries to the nerves and vessels, are often severe. Often complications arise from the build-up of forces in the biological tissues which are resisting lengthening. Little is known about the...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Gardner TN,Evans M,Simpson AH,Kyberd PJ,Kenwright J

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method for leakage effect reduction by a modification of the classical spectra obtained Discrete Fourier Transform is proposed. The properties of the new method are investigated analytically and validated through synthesized signals, processed by the developed complete computational procedure. This combines the prop...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Mitov IP

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite our understanding of the importance of falling, previous studies have ignored the effects of falls from standing height. In this article, lumped parameter linear and nonlinear models of a standing human have been used to simulate the impact response of the body segments due to inputs at the shoes. The accelera...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Jarrah M,Qassem W,Othman M,Gdeisat M

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The results from studies of wave propagation in large arteries carried out over the last 25 years have shown that there is a good agreement among values of the imaginary part of the complex propagation coefficient, as expressed by pressure or flow-rate wave propagation velocity. However, there is considerable disparit...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Bertram CD,Gow BS,Greenwald SE

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An 'instantaneous' optimal filter is presented for improving the signal-to-noise ratio in averaged electrocardiograms (ECGs). The filter design is based on a simple model that accounts for correlation across the ensemble of beats but ignores correlation in time. Another property of the model is that the noise level is...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Atarius R,Sörnmo L

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The liquid ventilation (LV) technique was previously demonstrated to be a valuable alternative to ordinary gas ventilation, particularly for newborn patients with severely distressed lungs. This work describes a mathematical model of gas transfer phenomena occurring within the lungs of a preterm newborn baby ventilate...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Costantino ML,Fiore GB

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A three-layer artificial neural network was used for adaptive control of gait swing generated by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in a spinal cord injured subject. Network inputs consisted of knee and ankle goniometer signals for System 1, and knee and hip angular data for System 2. Controller output was pr...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Sepulveda F,Granat MH,Cliquet A Jr

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reports on the findings of an extensive survey investigating practising design engineers' perceptions of new product development within the UK medical device industry. The design activity recorded was predominantly the small-scale development of low volume products. Explicit formal procedures were rarely us...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Glen JM,Lord M

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biomechanical strength of the skeleton, and hence the risk of future fractures, depends on both the bone quantity (assessed in terms of bone mineral density) and bone quality (assessed in terms of the integrity of its internal architecture). Precise methods of measuring the calcium-equivalent density of both the t...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Dougherty G

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A flow model utilizing an irrotational, inviscid algorithm of vortex-ring elements simulating the leaflets and source/sink elements simulating the aortic root coupled with a boundary layer model has been developed to model the internal flow phenomena of bi-leaflet mechanical heart valves implanted in the aortic root. ...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： David T,Hsu CH

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A model of the lumbar spine, pelvis and buttocks is developed, based on linear horizontal and vertical systems along with a rotational subsystem. The model can mimic qualitatively different experimental observations of transmission of vibrations from the seat to L3 in the sitting posture. It is concluded that while th...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Broman H,Pope M,Hansson T

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A portable, lightweight home ankle exerciser was designed and built by the Biomedical Engineering Department of University Hospital in London, Ontario, Canada. The ankle exerciser incorporates several unique features that overcomes the drawbacks of exercise equipment presently available. For optimal muscle strengtheni...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Petrosenko RD,Vandervoort AA,Chesworth BM,Porter MM,Campbell GJ

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metal plates are commonly used in the operative treatment of bone fractures. Rigid metal plates stabilize the fracture site, maintain good contact between bone fragments and allow early weight bearing and patient mobility. However, treatment with rigid metal plates can cause localized bone atrophy due to stress-shield...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Ferguson SJ,Wyss UP,Pichora DR

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The removal of the background from a noisy image to leave the object of interest, with well defined edges, is a difficult task. Images obtained using radioisotopes have low signal-to-noise ratios due to scattered photons, as well as emitted radiation from the background. Moreover, noise is, also, a consequence of the ...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Livieratos GN,Chappell PH

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The impeller blood pump with its simplicity has many advantages compared with the diaphragm pump, but the nonpulsatile property has limited its applications. To make the impeller pump pulsatile, many investigations have been made in vain because of resulting haemolysis. The author has succeeded in producing a pulsatil...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Qian KX

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to assess the actual load on front teeth and tooth supportive tissue during brass instrument playing, a measuring system was developed permitting simultaneous recordings of mouthpiece forces and incisor deflections. By the application of strain gauges, the mouthpiece itself was converted into an extra-oral fo...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Borchers L,Gebert M,Jung T

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An ultrasonic aerosol generator constructed from a domestic humidifier is described which has been used to produce liquid aerosols for physiological investigations. The instrument was constructed from a Pifco domestic humidifier modified to include an energy guide to direct the oscillations of the transducer through t...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： Davies A,Hudson N,Pirie L

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper introduces a transcutaneous electro-muscle stimulator design that has a wide range of output capabilities. Because of this, the unit is referred to as a robust transcutaneous electro-muscle stimulator (RTES). The RTES is a constant current stimulator that is designed to be capable of generating significant ...

journal_title：Medical engineering & physics

authors： McPartland MD,Mook DJ

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00